American and United Airlines, aviation security companies, and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey had a duty of care to those who were injured, killed or suffered property damages as a result of the September 11 hijackings, a Manhattan federal judge ruled on Tuesday (9 September).

Southern District Judge Alvin Hellerstein rejected a motion to dismiss the lawsuits and paved the way for discovery and trial or settlement for those who opt out of the federal Victim Compensation Fund, the New York Law Journal reports.

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